In a white paper published by a multidisciplinary team of top scientists in China, Earth system is defined to encompass both internal and external geospheres from solid Earth system through surface ...

In late 2025, scientists reported that for the first time, they were able to detect concentrations of plastic pollution on land using NASA's Earth Surface Mineral Dust Source Investigation (EMIT) ...

Addresses connections between people, place, and the Earth system – land surface and deep Earth, atmosphere, cryosphere, water, and oceans – with a focus on resources, hazards, conservation, and basic ...